近期发表论文

Engineering triangular carbon quantum dots with unprecedented narrow bandwidth emission for multicolored LEDs

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as promising materials for optoelectronic applications on account of carbon’s intrinsic merits of high stability, low cost and environment-friendliness. However, the CQDs usually give broad emission with full width at half maximum exceeding 80 nm, which fundamentally limit their display applications. Here we demonstrate multicolored narrow bandwidth emission (full width at half maximum of 30 nm) from triangular CQDs with a quantum yield up to 54 to 72%. Detailed structural and optical characterizations together with theoretical calculations revealed that the molecular purity and crystalline perfection of the triangular CQDs are key to the high color-purity. Moreover, multicolored light-emitting diodes based on these CQDs displayed good stability, high color-purity and high-performance with maximum luminance of 1882 to 4762 cd m-2 and current efficiency of 1.22 to 5.11 cd A-1. This work will set the stage for developing next-generation high-performance CQDs-based light-emitting diodes. (Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 2249, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04635-5)

Nitrogen Rich D-π-A Structural Carbon Quantum Dots with Bright Two-Photon Fluorescence for Deep-Tissue Imaging

Two-photon fluorescent (TPF) probes, which allow imaging of biological events in high spatiotemporal resolution, are in great demand. Recently, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as a promising class of TPF probes. Unfortunately, the use of the existing CQDs has been limited by their weak TPF capacities. Herein, we report the first facile and large-scale synthesis of nitrogen rich CQDs (NRCQDs) based on a donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) strategy. The resulting NRCQDs demonstrated a tremendous TPF capacity with two-photon absorption cross-section (TPACS) and quantum yield (QY) up to 61200 Göppert-Mayer (GM) units and 63%, respectively, which is greater than those that could be achieved by the existing TPF carbon probes. Structural and optical analyses of NRCQDs revealed that the great TPF capacity is contributed by the nitrogen rich D-π-A structure as well as the high crystallinity, large plane, rigid, graphitic nitrogen doped π-conjugated system. We further demonstrated that NRCQDs allow imaging of live cells as well as live liver tissues at depths of up to 440 μm. Our results suggest NRCQDs as a robust TPF probe that can be potentially used for a variety of biological applications. (ACS Appl. Bio Mater. DOI:10.1021/acsabm.8b00276)

53% Efficient Red Emissive Carbon Quantum Dots for High Color Rendering and Stable Warm White-Light-Emitting Diodes

Red emissive carbon quantum dots (R-CQDs) with quantum yield of 53% is successfully prepared. An ultraviolet (UV)-pumped CQD phosphors-based warm white light-emitting diode (WLED) is realized for the first time and achieves a color rendering index of 97. This work provides a new avenue for the exploration of low cost, environment-friendly, and high-performance CQD phosphors-based warm WLEDs. (Adv. Mater. 2017, DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702910)

Exceptionally High Payload of the IR780 Iodide on Folic Acid-Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots for Targeted Photothermal Therapy

The IR780 iodide (IR780) is recognized as an effective theranostic agent for simultaneous near-infrared fluorescence imaging and photothermal therapy (PTT). However, the rigid chloro-cyclohexenyl ring makes IR780 insoluble in almost all pharmaceutically acceptable solvents, which inevitably limits its clinical application. We report folic acid (FA)-functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs-FA) containing a large and intact sp2 domain with carboxyl groups around the edge. Such GQDs-FA possess exceptionally high loading capacity for IR780 via strong π–π stacking interactions, and the water solubility of IR780 is improved by over 2400-fold after loading onto GQDs-FA (IR780/GQDs-FA). IR780/GQDs-FA with an improved photostability, an enhanced tumor-targeting ability, and a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 87.9% were capable of producing sufficient hyperthermia to effectively kill cancer cells and completely eradicate tumors upon 808 nm laser irradiation. The present IR780/GQDs-FA may open up great opportunities for the effective PTT to treat cancer. (ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2017, 9 (27), pp 22332–22341.)

pH-Responsive fluorescent graphene quantum dots for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery and diagnosis

Cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Improved cancer treatment requires enhancement of cancer diagnosis and detection. To achieve this goal, here we report a novel imaging probe, pH-responsive fluorescent graphene quantum dots (pRF-GQDs). pRF-GQDs were prepared by electrolysis of graphite rods in sodium p-toluenesulfonate acetonitrile solution. The resulting pRF-GQDs, which have minimal toxicity, display a sharp fluorescence transition between green and blue at pH 6.8, a pH matching the acidic extracellular microenvironment in solid tumors. We found that this unique fluorescence switch property allows tumors to be distinguished from normal tissues. In addition to fluorescence, pRF-GQDs also exhibit upconversion photoluminescence (UCPL). We demonstrate that the combination of UCPL and fluorescence switch enables detection of solid tumors of different origin at an early developmental stage. Therefore, pRF-GQDs have great potential to be used as a universal probe for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery and cancer diagnosis. (Nanoscale, 2017, 9, 4928–4933.)

Bright Multicolor Bandgap Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots for Electroluminescent Light-Emitting Diodes

Selected as the frontispiece of Advanced Materials, and reported at Advanced Science News on the homepage titled "Carbon Quantum Dots with Distinct Optical Properties" 2016, December 6

Multicolor bandgap fluorescent carbon quantum dots (MCBF-CQDs) from blue to red with quantum yield up to 75% are synthesized using a solvothermal method. For the first time, monochrome electroluminescent light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with MCBF-CQDs directly as an active emission layer are fabricated. The maximum luminance of blue LEDs reaches 136 cd m−2, which is the best performance for CQD-based monochrome electroluminescent LEDs. (Adv. Mater. 2016, DOI: 10.1002/adma.201604436)

Review: Shining carbondots: Synthesis and biomedical and optoelectronic applications

In recent years, the emerging fluorescent carbon dots have shown enormous potentials for biomedical and optoelectronic applications owing to their outstanding characteristics such as good biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, photostability and versatility in addition to their unique tunable photoluminescence and other exceptional physicochemical properties. In this review, we will update the latest researches on the synthesis, structure, optical and electronic properties of CDs as well as their advanced applications in biomedicine and optoelectronics. We will mainly discuss the applications of CDs in bioimaging with emphasis on stem cells imaging including normal and cancer stem cells, cell nucleus imaging, two-photon fluorescence imaging, red or near-infrared emission for in vivo imaging, cancer therapy including pho- todynamic therapy, photothermal therapy and chemotherapy, and optoelectronic applications including light emitting diodes and solar energy conversion. Finally, we will size up current challenges on the research of CDs and project future directions of the field. We hope that this review will provide critical insights to inspire new exciting discoveries on CDs from both fundamental and practical standpoints so that the realization of their potential in the biomedical and optoelectronic areas can be facilitated. (Nano Today 11 (2016) 565–586)

Synthesis of red fluorescent graphene quantum dot-europium complex composites as a viable bioimaging platform

We have prepared graphene quantum doteuropium(III) complex composites by noncovalently connecting chelating ligands dibenzoylmethane (DBM) and 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) first, followed by coordination to Eu(III). The resulting composites are well water-soluble and display red fluorescence of high color purity. The composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Aqueous solutions of the composites under 365 nm excitation display fluorescence with a peak at 613 nm and a quantum yield as high as 15.5 %. The good water solubility and stable photoluminescence make the composites very different from other Eu(III)-based coordination complexes. The composites are cell viable and can be used to label both the cell membrane and the cytoplasm of MCF-7 cells. They are also shown to act as bioprobes for in-vivo localization of tumorous tissue. In our perception, such composites are expected to possess wide scope because of the many functionalizations that are possible with GQDs. (Microchimica Acta, 2016, 183, 2605-2613.)

Review: Fluorescent graphene quantum dots for biosensing and bioimaging

Fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials, including carbon dots (C-Dots) and the emerging graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are attracting increasing interest in the field of biosensing and bioimaging for their high aqueous solubility, stable photoluminescence (PL), low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility as well as superior resistance to photobleaching. Compared with C-Dots, the quasi zero-dimensional (0D) GQDs with a few atomic layers can exhibit strong PL without passivation. With these extraordinary properties, GQDs are suitable alternatives as both a versatile platform for biosensing and a promising class of bioimaging probes. In this review, we introduce the synthesis, structure, PL properties and currently available applications of GQDs in biosensing and bioimaging field. We hope this review will provide critical insights to inspire more exciting researches on GQDs for biological applications to better realize the potential of the intriguing GQDs in the near future. (RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 19773–19789)

Rhodamine-Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots for Detection of Fe3+ in Cancer Stem Cells

A turn-on orange-red fluorescent nanosensor based on rhodamine B derivative-functionalized graphene quantum dots (RBD-GQDs) has been successfully synthesized for Fe3+ detection with high sensitivity and selectivity. By connecting with GQDs, the water solubility, sensitivity, photostability, and biocompatibility of RBD are drastically improved. The most distinctive feature of the RBD-GQDs, which sets them apart from other previously reported fluorophores or GQDs, is that they with the detection limits as low as 0.02 μM are demonstrated as a Fe3+ turn-on fluorescent nanosensor in cancer stem cells. Fe3+ binding to such GQDs (RBD-GQDs-Fe3+) with orange-red fluorescence of 43% quantum yield were demonstrated to be the biomarkers for cancer stem cell imaging. (ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 23958−23966)

Multicolor fluorescent graphene quantum dots colorimetrically responsive to all-pH and a wide temperature range

Smart functional nanomaterials colorimetrically responsive to all-pH and a wide temperature range are urgently needed due to their widespread applications in biotechnology, drug delivery, diagnosis and optical sensing. Although graphene quantum dots possess remarkable advantages in biological applications, they are only stable in neutral or weak acidic solutions, and strong acidic or alkaline conditions invariably suppress or diminish the fluorescence intensity. Herein, we report a new type of water-soluble, multicolor fluorescent graphene quantum dot which is responsive to all-pH from 1 to 14 with the naked eye. The fluorescence of the resulting graphene quantum dots was also found to be responsive to the temperature changes, demonstrating their great potential as a dual probe of pH and temperature in complicated environments such as biological media. (Nanoscale, 2015, 7, 11727–11733)

Electrochemical synthesis of small-sized red fluorescent graphene quantum dots as a bioimaging platform

We report water-soluble, 3 nm uniform-sized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with red emission prepared by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite in K2S2O8 solution. Such GQDs show a great potential as biological labels for cellular imaging. (Chem. Commun., 2015, 51, 2544--2546)

Sulfur-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots as a Novel Fluorescent Probe for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Fe3+

Sulfur-doped graphene quantum dots (SGQDs) with stable blue-green fluorescence were synthesized by one-step electrolysis of graphite in sodium p-toluenesulfonate aqueous solution. Compared with GQDs, the S-GQDs drastically improved the electronic properties and surface chemical reactivities, which exhibited a sensitive response to Fe3+. Therefore, the S-GQDs were used as an efficient fluorescent probe for highly selective detection of Fe3+. Upon increasing of Fe3+ concentration ranging from 0.01 to 0.70 μM, the fluorescence intensity of S-GQDs gradually decreased and reached a plateau at 0.90 μM. The difference in the fluorescence intensity of S-GQDs before and after adding Fe3+ was proportional to the concentration of Fe3+, and the calibration curve displayed linear regions over the range of 0−0.70 μM. The detection limit was 4.2 nM. (Anal. Chem. 2014, 86, 10201−10207)

Highly Water-soluble and Surface Charge-tunable Fluorescent Fullerene Nanoparticles: Facile Fabrication and Cellular Imaging

Water-soluble and surface charge-tunable amine-functionalized polyhydroxylated fullerene nanoparticles with a strong green emission were synthesized by grinding and hydrothermal treatment. The quantum yield of the nanoparticles was as high as 17%, which is the highest value recorded for fluorescent fullerene materials. The amine-functionalized polyhydroxylated fullerene nanoparticles with high surface charge were found to easily penetrate into breast cancer cells, HeLa cells and cardiac progenitor stem cells, opening up great opportunities for their bio-medical applications. (Electrochimica Acta 201 (2016) 220–227)

Surrounding media sensitive photoluminescence of boron-doped graphene quantum dots for highly fluorescent dyed crystals, chemical sensing and bioimaging

We demonstrate that boron-doping of graphene quantum dots (B-GQDs) give rise to rich fluorescence owing to their peculiar interaction with the surrounding media. A B-GQDs borax solution was shown to be highly fluorescent in green, and upon evaporation, formed bright green fluorescent crystals. However, removing the borax left behind only blue and yellow luminescent solutions. These intriguing findings are rationalized by the insight that B-GQDs associate in the absence of borax whereas they form dative valence bonds with the bridgehead O atoms of borax in the presence of borax. We further demonstrate the use of the B-GQDs, for example, in chemosensor for detecting Al3+ and biomarker for cellular imaging. (Carbon 70 (2014) 149 –156)

Efficiency Enhancement of Perovskite Solar Cells through Fast Electron Extraction: The Role of Graphene Quantum Dots

We report on a significant power conversion efficiency improvement of perovskite solar cells from 8.81% to 10.15% due to insertion of an ultrathin graphene quantum dots (GQDs) layer between perovskite and TiO2. A strong quenching of perovskite photoluminescence was observed at ∼760 nm upon the addition of the GQDs, which is pronouncedly correlated with the increase of the IPCE and the APCE of the respective cells. From the transient absorption measurements, the improved cell efficiency can be attributed to the much faster electron extraction with the presence of GQDs (90–106 ps) than without their presence (260–307 ps). This work highlights that GQDs can act as a superfast electron tunnel for optoelectronic devices. (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 3760−3763)

Highly dispersible and charge-tunable magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles: facile fabrication and reversible binding to GO for efficient removal of dye pollutants

The surface charge-tunable Fe3O4 nanoparticles with high dispersibility and high superparamagnetism are fabricated by a facile electrochemical method in acetonitrile. These nanoparticles can reversibly bind to graphene oxides, which could be recycled and continually used for high-efficient removal of dye pollutants from water. (J. Mater. Chem. A, 2014, 2, 15763–15767 )

Electrochemical Preparation of N-Doped Cobalt OxideNanoparticles with High Electrocatalytic Activity for the Oxygen-Reduction Reaction

Nitrogen-doped CoO (N-CoO) nanoparticles withhigh electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen-reduction reac-tion (ORR) were fabricated by electrochemical reduction ofCoCl2in acetonitrile solution at cathodic potentials. The ini-tially generated, highly reactive nitrogen-doped Co nanopar-ticles were readily oxidized to N-CoO nanoparticles in air. Incontrast to their N-free counterparts (CoO or Co3O4), N-CoOnanoparticles with a N content of about 4.6% exhibit re-markable ORR electrocatalytic activity, stability, and immuni-ty to methanol crossover in an alkaline medium. The CoNxactive sites in the CoO nanoparticles are held responsible forthe high ORR activity. This work opens a new path for thepreparation of nitrogen-doped transition metal oxide nano-materials, which are promising electrocatalysts for fuel cells. (Chem. Eur. J. 2014, 20, 3457 – 3462)

Growing vertical ZnO nanorod arrays within graphite: efficient isolation of large size and high quality single-layer graphene

We report a unique strategy for efficiently exfoliating large size and high quality single-layer graphene directly from graphite into DMF dispersions by growing ZnO nanorod arrays between the graphene layers in graphite. (Chem. Commun., 2013, 49, 6286--6288)

Pt nanoflower/graphene-layered composites by ZnO nanoparticle expansion of graphite and their enhanced electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation

Pt nanoflowers (NFs) with uniform size and high dispersion have been inserted between sheets of graphene through a three-step protocol consisting of ZnO nanoparticle (NP) expansion of graphite, electrochemical deposition of PtCl62−, and dissolution of the ZnO NPs. The key synthesis strategy employs ZnO NPs as the insertion to increase the graphite interlayer distance for insertion of PtCl62− but avoid the preparation of graphene oxides (GOs) and further reduction processes. The resulting Pt NF/graphene-layered composites are characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectra. The results show that highly dispersed Pt NFs with a uniform size of 250 nm insert between the graphene sheets and exhibit significantly higher electrocatalytic activity and better stability for the oxidation of methanol compared to Pt NFs deposited on the surface of graphite and GOs. These attractive features are a result of the layered structure consisting of alternating highly dispersed Pt NFs with high surface area and graphene with high conductivity. Our work provides a new route for the preparation of Pt NF/graphene-layered composites, which are promising electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells.(Electrochimica Acta 106 (2013) 159–164)

其他论文

1. Shuhua Li, Ling Ding, Louzhen Fan*, Electrochemical synthesis of sulfur-doped graphene sheets for highly efficient oxygen reduction, Sci. China Chem., 2015, 58, 417-424.

2. Weihu Shang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Mo Zhang, Zetan Fan, Ying Sun, Mei Han* Louzhen Fan*, The uptake mechanism and biocompatibility of graphene quantum dots with human neural stem cells, Nanoscale, 2014, 6, 5799-5806.

3. Danfeng Zhang*, Louzhen Fan, Ruihua Guo, Zetan Fan, Preparation of FGO/PBMA Composites with Improved Thermal Stability, Chem. J. Chinese U., 2014, 35, 2466-2471.

4. Tengfei Li, Yiwei Li, Lu Xiao, Yu, Hongtao Yu, Louzhen Fan*, Electrochemical Preparation of Color-Tunable Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots, Acta Chimica Sinica, 2014, 72, 227-232.

5. Ling Ding, Ruixue Zhang, Louzhen Fan*, Electrochemical rout to the synthesis of ZnO Micrtructure: its nestlike structure and holding of Ag Particles, Nanoscale Research Let., 2013, 8, 78-84.

6. Chenxing Zhao, Hongtao Yu, Yunchao Li*, Xiaohong Li*, Ling Ding, Louzhen Fan*, Electrochemical controled synthesis and characterization of well-aligned IrO2 nanotube arrays with enhanced electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen evolution reaction, J. Electroanal. Chem., 2013, 688, 269-274.

7. Wenjing Xie, Yingyi Fu, Hong Ma, Mo Zhang, Louzhen Fan*, Preparation of Fluorescent Graphene Quantum Dots as Biological Imaging Marker for Cells, Acta Chimica Sinica, 2012, 70, 2169-2172.

8. Chenxing Zhao, Yifeng E., Louzhen Fan*, Enhanced electrochemical evolution of oxygen by using nanoflowers made from a gold and iridium oxide composite,Microchimica Acta, 2012, 178(1), 107-114.

9. Jiang Feng; Liu Jinjin; Li Yunchao; Fan Louzhen; Ding Yuqin; Li Yongfang, Ultralong CdTe Nanowires: Catalyst-Free Synthesis and High-Yield Transformation into Core-Shell Heterostructures, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2012, 2402-2411.

10. Fan Jianfeng; Zhao Chenxing; Fan Louzhen, Preparation and Mechanism of Nest-like Ag Microcrystals and Their Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Studies,Acta Chimica Sinica, 2012, 229-234.

11. Mo Zhang, Linling Bai, Weihu Shang, Wenjing Xie, Hong Ma, Yingyi Fu, Decai Fang, Hui Sun, Louzhen Fan,* Mei Han,* Chenmin Liu and Shihe Yang*,Facile synthesis of water-soluble, highly fluorescent graphene quantum dots as a robust biological label for stem cells， J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22, 7461.

12. Liqing Li, Yifeng E, Jumao Yuan, Xiayue Luo, Yang Yang, Louzhen Fan*,Electrosynthesis of Pd/Au hollow cone-like microstructures for electrocatalytic formic acid oxidation，Electrochimica Acta,56 (2011), 6237–6244.

13. Yifeng E, Linling Bai, Louzhen Fan,* Mei Han,* Xiaoyan Zhang and Shihe Yang*, Electrochemically generated fluorescent fullerene[60] nanoparticles as a new and viable bioimaging platform, J. Mater. Chem., 2011, 21, 819–823.

14. Yang Zhang, Lang Jiang, Hui Li,Louzhen Fan,* Wenping Hu, Chunru Wang, Yongfang Li and Shihe Yang*, Single-Crystalline C60 Nanostructures by Sonophysical Preparation: Tuning Hollow Nanobowls as Catalyst Supports for Methanol Oxidation, Chem. Eur. J.， 2011, 17, 4921–4926.

15. Yang Zhang, Wei Liu, Lang Jiang, Louzhen Fan,* Chunru Wang, Wenping Hu, Haizheng Zhong, Yongfang Li, Shihe Yang, Template-free solution growth of highly regular, crystal orientation-ordered C60 nanorod bundles, J. Mater. Chem., 2010, 20,953-956.

16. Feng Jiang, Yunchao Li,* Mingfu Ye, Louzhen Fan, Yuqin Ding, Yongfang Li*, Ligand-Tuned Shape Control, Oriented Assembly, and Electrochemical Characterization of Colloidal ZnTe Nanocrystals，Chem. Mater.， 2010, 22, 4632-4641.

17. Weiling Guo, Yifeng E, li Gao, Louzhen Fan* and Shihe Yang*, A catalytic nanostructured cobalt oxide electrode enables positive potential operation for the cathodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence of Ru(bpy)32+ with dramatically enhanced intensity, Chem. Commun., 2010, 46, 1290-1292.

18. Xiaomo Zhou, Louzhen Fan*, Pt/Pd alloy nanoparticles composed of bimetallic nanobowls: Synthesis, characterization and electrocatalytic activities, Electrochimica Acta， 55 (2010) 8111–8115.

19. Li Gao, Louzhen Fan* and Jian Zhang, Selective Growth of Ag Nanodewdrop on Au Nanostructure: A New Type of Bimetallic Heterostructure , Langmuir. 2009 October 6; 25(19): 11844–11848.

20. Huarui Zhu, Wei Wu, Hua Zhang, Louzhen Fan,*, Shihe Yang, Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Dopamine in the Presence of Excessive Ascorbic Acid Using Electrodes Modified with C60-Funtionalized Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Films, Electroanalysis, 2009, 21, 2660-2666.

21. Changzheng Wang, Yifeng E, Louzhen Fan,* Shihe Yang, Yongliang Li, CdS-Ag nanocomposite arrays: enhanced electro-chemiluminescence but quenched photoluminescence, J. Mater. Chem., 2009, 19, 3841–3846.(外封面文章).

22. Mingyan Zhao, Lin Zhang, Ning Chen, Chunru Wang, Louzhen Fan*, Shihe Yang Electrochemistry of Sc3N@C78 Embedded in DDAB Film in Aqueous Solution, Microchimica Acta, 2009, 165, 45-52.

23. 刘珵，董威红，刘淼，张洋，范楼珍，C60空心纳米壳的制备及研究，化学学报，2009, 67, 1825-1828.

24. Ruixue Zhang, Louzhen Fan,* Yueping Fang and Shihe Yang*, Electrochemical route to the preparation of highly dispersed composites of ZnO/carbon nanotubes with significantly enhanced electrochemiluminescence from ZnO, J. Mater. Chem., 2008, 18, 4964–4970.

25. Wei Wu, Huarui Zhu, Louzhen Fan*, Shihe Yang*Synthesis and Characterization of a Grapevine Nanostructure Consisting of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Covalently Attached [60]Fullerene Balls, Chem. Eur. J.， 2008, 14, 5981-5987.

26. Li Xiaofang, Fan Louzhen, Liu Dongfang, Sung Herman H. Y., Williams Ian D, Yang Shihe, Tan Kai, and Lu Xin, Synthesis of a Dy@C82 Derivative Bearing a Single Phosphorus Substituent via a Zwitterion Approach, J. Am. Chem. Soc.， 2007, 129, 10636.

27. Wu Wei, Zhu Huarui, Fan Louzhen, Liu Dongfang, Yang Shihe*, Sensitive dopamine recognition by boronic acid functionalized multi-walled carbonnanotubes, Chem. Commun., 2007, 2345-2347.

28. Wang Changzheng, E Yifeng, Fan Louzhen*, Wang Zhenghao, Liu Huibiao, Li Yuliang, Yang Shihe*, Li Yongliang, Directed Assembly of Hierarchical CdS Nanotube Arrays from CdS Nanoparticles: Enhanced Solid-State Electrochemiluminescence in H2O2 Solution, Adv. Mater.， 2007, 19, 3677.

29. Zhu Huarui, E Yifeng, Wang Changzheng, Fan Louzhen*, C60-CdS Composite Films: Electrochemical preparation and Electrocatalysis of Hemoglobin in an Aqueous Solution, Biochemistry: An Indian Journal, 2007，1, 133.

30. Y. Zhao, Y.F. E, L.Z. Fan*，Y.F. Qiu, S.H. Yang, A New Route for the Electrodeposition of Platinum-Nickel Alloy Nanoparticles on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Electrochimica Acta, 2007, 52, 5873-5878.

31. Zhang Lin, Chen Ning, Fan Louzhen*, Wang Chunru, Yang Shihe, Electrochemistry of Sc3N@C78 and Sc3N@C80 (Ih): On Achieving Reversible Redox Waves of the Trimetal Nitride Endohedral Fullerenes, J. Electroanal. Chem.， 2007, 608, 15.

32. Zhao Yue，Fan Louzhen*，Zhong Haizheng，Li Yongfang，Yang Shihe*，Platinum Nanoparticle Clusters Immobilized on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Electrodeposition and Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity for Methanol Oxidation，Adv. Funct. Mater., 2007，17, 1537.

33. Zhao Yue, Fan Louzhen*, Zhong Haizheng, Li Yongfang, Electrodeposition and Electrocatalytic Properties of Platinum Nanoparticles on Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes: the Effect of the Deposition Conditions, Microchimica Acta., 2007, 158, 327.

34. H. Zhang, L.Z. Fan*, S.H. Yang, Significantly accelerated direct electron transfer kinetics of hemoglobin in a C60-MWCNT nanocomposite film, Chem. Eur. J., 2006, 12, 7161.

35. H. Zhang, X. Huang, L.Z. Fan*, B. Ning, Y. Q. Wu, L. P. Zheng, Y. Cao, Electrochemistry of Methanofullerene Films: Simultaneous Cyclic Voltammetry and Electrochemical Quartz Crystal, J. Appl. Poly. Sci., 2006, 100, 3634.

36. H. Zhang, B. Ning, Y.Q. Wu, L.Z. Fan, Z.X. Guo, Electrochemical Properties of Films of C60 Derivative modified with Crown Ether, Chem. J. Chinese Uni., 2006, 3, 498.

37. Y. Q. Wu, L.Z. Fan*, S.H. Yang, Studies on Metallofullerene (Dy@C82) Embedded in a DDAB Film in Aqueous Solution, J. Phys. Chem. B，2005，109, 17831.

38. H. Zhang, L.Z. Fan*, Y.P. Fang, S.H. Yang, Electrochemistry of Composite Films of C60 and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes: A Robust Conductive Matrix for the Fine Dispersion of Fullerenes, Chem. Phys. Lett., 2005, 413, 346.

39. L.Z. Fan, S.F. Yang, S.H. Yang, Electroactive endohedral metallofullerene in electrodes in aqueous solutions, J. Electroanal. Chem., 2005, 574, 273.

40. L.Z. Fan, S.F. Yang, S.H. Yang, The Development of Functional Endohedral Metallofullerene Materials, Fullerenes and Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 2005, 13, 155.

41. L.Z. Fan*, S.F. Yang, S.H. Yang, Thin Films of Endohedral Metallofullerenes Embedded in Polythiophene: a Facile Electrochemical Preparation, Thin Solid Films, 2005, 483, 95.

42. L.Z. Fan, Y.Q. Wu, S.F. Yang, S.H. Yang, The electrochemistry of Metellofullerene films. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2004，62，2213.

43. S.F. Yang, L.Z. Fan, S.H. Yang, Langmuir-Blodgett Films of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Doped with the Endohedral Metallofullerene Dy@C82: Preparation, Characterization, and Application in Photoelectrochemical Cell, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2004, 108, 4394.

44. S.F. Yang, L.Z. Fan, S.H. Yang, Signicantly enhanced photocurrent efficiency of a poly(3-hexylthiophene) photoelectrochemical device by doping with the endohedral metallofullerene Dy@C82, Chem. Phys. Lett., 2004, 388, 253.

45. S.Q. Xiao, Y.L. Li, Y.J. Li, J.P. Zhuang, N. Wang, H.B. Liu, B. Ning, Y. Liu, L.Z. Fan, C.H. Yang, Y.F. Li, D.B. Zhu, DB [60]Fullerene-based molecular triads with expanded absorptions in the visible region: Synthesis and photovoltaic properties，J. Phys. Chem. B, 2004, 108, 16677.

46. S.Q. Xiao, Y.L. Li, Y.J. Li, J.P. Zhuang, N. Wang, H.B. Liu, B. Ning, Y. Liu, L.Z. Fan, C.H. Yang, Y.F. Li, D.B. Zhu, DB [60]Fullerene-based molecular triads with expanded absorptions in the visible region: Synthesis and photovoltaic properties，J. Phys. Chem. B, 2004, 108, 16677.

47. L.Z. Fan, S.F. Yang, S.H. Yang, Electrochemistry of Metallofullerene Films: the Major Isomer of Dy@C82, Chem. Eur. J., 2003, 9, 5611.

48. S.F. Yang, L.Z. Fan, S.H. Yang, Preparation, Characterization, and Photoelectrochemistry of Langmuir-Blodgett Films of the Endohedral Metallofullerene Dy@C82 Mixed with Metallophthalocyanines, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2003, 107, 8403.

49. B. Ning, L.Z. Fan*, L.P. Zheng, Y. Cao, Z.X. Guo, Electrochemical Properties of Methanofullerenes, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin., 2003, 19(10), 917.

50. Y. Liu, L.Z. Fan*, Y.F. Li, S.Q Xiao, Y.L. Li, Electrochemistry of the films of a Novel Class C60 Covalently Linked PPV Derivative: Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study in Acetonitrile Solution of Tetra-n butylammonium Cations, J. Appl. Poly. Sci., 2002, 86, 2737.